〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the change and clinical significance of inflammatory factors, coagulation and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) in patients with endometriosis (hereinafter referred to as "endometriosis"). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 187 patients diagnosed with endometriosis through laparoscopic and laparotomy surgery (endometriosis group) and 100 healthy women undergoing physical examination (control group) in Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022. The differences in inflammatory factors, coagulation and the level of serum CA125 between the two groups were compared, and the diagnostic value of relevant indicators for endometriosis was analyzed. Results (1) The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)，platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), prothrombin time (PT), the level of fibrinogen (FIB), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time-international standardization ratio (PT-INR) and the level of serum CA125 in the endometriosis group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio(LMR) was significantly lower than that in the control group. The NLR, PLR, APTT, PT-IN and the level of FIB in stage III/ IV endometriosis were significantly higher than those in the control group, PT and the level of serum CA125 were significantly higher than those in stage I/II endometriosis and control group. The above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) In the endometriosis group, the level of serum CA125 in patients with ovarian endometrioma was significantly higher than that without ovarian endometrioma. The APTT and the levels of FIB, serum CA125 in patients with moderate to severe pelvic adhesions were significantly higher than those with mile pelvic adhesions and without pelvic adhesions, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). (3) The diagnostic efficacy of CA125 for endometriosis was significantly higher than that of NLR and PLR (P < 0.05). The efficacy of CA125, NLR, and PLR combined diagnosis was not statistically significant compared to CA125 (P > 0.05), but the specificity of CA125 combined with PLR, CA125 combined with NLR, and PLR diagnosis was higher than that of CA125 alone. Conclusion Inflammatory factors, coagulation function, and CA125 are altered in patients with endometriosis. CA125 combined with PLR, CA125 combined with NLR, and PLR can improve the specificity of endometriosis diagnosis.