〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid (UA), albumin (ALB) and the pathogenesis of kidney stones. Methods The study included 200 clinically confirmed kidney stone patients (observed group) and 200 healthy controls (compared group) who visited the Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between January 2022 and December 2023. The study compared the concentrations of UA and ALB in two groups of subjects, as well as the differences in serum UA and ALB concentrations between groups of different genders. Results (1) Compared to the healthy control group, the observed group of patients had significantly lower levels of serum UA and ALB, with statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05). (2) In the observed group, both male and female participants had significantly lower serum UA and ALB levels compared to their counterparts in the compared group (P ＜ 0.05). (3) The comparison between males and females within the observed group and the control group showed a statistically significant difference in UA levels between males and females in the observed group (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the ALB levels between males and females in the observed group or in the UA and ALB levels between males and females in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Serum UA and ALB levels were decreased in patients with kidney stones, and were not affected by the gender of the patient, and the patient was in a low level of antioxidant status.