〔Abstract〕 Objective To construct a hypoglycemia risk prediction model for neonatal diabetes mellitus patients, and to analyze the application effect of a graded blood glucose management scheme based on the model. Methods A total of 96 patients with neonatal diabetes mellitus admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected, and the occurrence of hypoglycemia was recorded. The children with hypoglycemia were included in the hypoglycemia group (26 cases), and the children without hypoglycemia were included in the control group (70 cases). Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of hypoglycemia in neonates with diabetes mellitus, and a risk prediction model was established. A graded blood glucose management scheme was constructed based on the model. After continuous intervention for 6 months, the incidence of hypoglycemia before and after intervention was analyzed. Results logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight, premature birth, hypothermia, poor feeding, excessive insulin treatment, and gestational diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for hypoglycemia in neonates with diabetes mellitus (P < 0.05). Risk prediction model: risk score = [e Z / (e Z + 1)] × 100 %. The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) value of the curve was 0.812, 95% CI was (0.719, 0.884), the cut-off value was 0.11, the sensitivity was 76.92 %, the specificity was 78.57 %, and the Youden index was 0.555. During the intervention period, the incidence of hypoglycemia in patients with neonatal diabetes mellitus showed a continuous downward trend, and the incidence of hypoglycemia at each time point after 1 month of intervention was significantly lower than that at the time of enrollment, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The graded blood glucose management scheme based on the hypoglycemia risk prediction model for neonatal diabetes mellitus can effectively reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in patients with neonatal diabetes mellitus.