〔Abstract〕 Objective To analyze the epidemic status of postpartum depression (PPD) in Zhengzhou, and establish and verify its influencing factor model. Methods Six hundred cases of parturience treated in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from May 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the study objects. They were divided into normal group (493 cases) and depressed group (107 cases) according to the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS) score, and the general information and pregnancy conditions of the two groups were compared. The influencing factors of maternal PPD were analyzed by logistic regression and the model was established. The diagnostic efficiency of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that young age, per capita monthly family income < 4000 yuan, low education level, rural residence, disharmonious family relationship, feeding method other than breast-feeding and newborn disease were independent risk factors for PPD (P < 0.05). According to ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) value of the risk assessment model established in this study was 0.940, both higher than that of a single risk factor, with sensitivity of 96.26% and specificity of 85.98%. Conclusion The probability of PPD in parturients cannot be ignored. Young age, per capita family income < 4000 yuan, low education level, rural residence, disharmonious family relationship, non-breast-feeding, and neonatal diseases were independent risk factors for PPD, and the prediction efficiency of maternal PPD risk prediction model was better.