〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of Danggui Buxue decoction combined with progesterone in the treatment of menstrual disorder with luteal insufficiency. Methods A total of 66 patients with menstrual disorder with luteal insufficiency admitted to Zhangshu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2021 to January 2023 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group by random number table method, with 33 cases in each group. The control group was treated with progesterone, and the observation group was treated with Danggui Buxue decoction on the basis of the control group for 3 menstrual cycles. The clinical efficacy, quality of life, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score and occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of 36- item short form health survey (SF-36) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of TCM syndrome in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). No obvious adverse reactions were observed in both groups. Conclusion On the basis of progesterone combined with Danggui Buxue decoction in the treatment of menstrual disorder with luteal insufficiency is effective, which can improve clinical symptoms, improve the quality of life of patients, and have good safety.