〔Abstract〕 Objective To study the effect of dulaglutide on clinical indexes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods 78 patients with T2DM with excessive body mass admitted to Luohe Second People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 39 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received conventional treatment, and patients in the observation group were treated with dulaglutide on the basis of conventional treatment, and the changes of clinical indicators in the two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the the levels of setum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FPG) and 2-hours postprandial plasma glucose (2h PG) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the level of serum fasting C-peptide (FCP) was higher than that in the control group, the differences were all statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the body mass, body mass index and waist circumference of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein–cholesterol in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum leptin and adiponectin in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and insulin resistance index was lower than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of dulaglutide in the routine treatment of T2DM can further improve the relevant clinical indexes and improve the clinical efficacy.