〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the clinical effect of Bushen Quhan Huashi prescription combined with sulfasalazine in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with kidney deficiency and Du meridian cold syndrome. Methods Ninety-six patients with ankylosing spondylitis diagnosed and treated in Zhengyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group by random number table method, with 48 cases in each group. The control group was treated with salazine sulfamyridine, and the observation group was treated with Bushen Quhan Huashi prescription combined with salazine sulfamyridine.The efficacy, complications, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36), visual analogue scale (VAS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (HS-CRP), tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) were compared the differences between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 91.7 %, which was higher than 72.9 % of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, all the TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and after treatment, all the TCM syndrome scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the BASDAI and VAS scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the SF-36 score was higher than those that treatment, and after treatment, the BASDAI and VAS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the SF-36 score was higher than that of the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of ESR, hS-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 of the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and after treatment, the levels of ESR, HS-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Bushen Quhan Huashi prescription combined with sulfasalazine can significantly improve the symptoms, quality of life and inflammatory factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, with advantages of high efficiency and safety, and its efficacy is significantly higher than sulfasalazine.