〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the value of anti-Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in the treatment of primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Methods A total of 92 patients with primary IgAN admitted to Puyang Oilfield General Hospital from February 2020 to August 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into a control group and an observation group, with 46 cases in each group. The control group received conventional treatment, and the observation group received anti-Hp quadruple therapy for 2 weeks based on conventional treatment. The efficacy and renal function indexes before and after treatment [serum creatinine (Scr), 24 hours urine total protein (24h-UTP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), liver function indexes [alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST)], and renal biopsy pathological indexes were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the 24h-UTP of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the eGFR was higher than that of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of AST and ALT between the two groups before and after treatment (P > 0.05). The incidences of inflammatory cell infiltration and renal tubular atrophy in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of anti-Hp infection in the clinical treatment of primary IgAN can improve the therapeutic effect, improve the renal function of patients, improve the pathological indicators of renal biopsy, and does not affect liver function.