〔Abstract〕 Objective To study the therapeutic effect of naloxone injection on patients with acute alcoholism. Methods A total of 80 patients with acute alcoholism admitted to Henan Electric Power Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as research objects, and were divided into a control group and an observation group by random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received conventional symptomatic treatment, and the observation group received naloxone injection based on the control group. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the observation group were higher than those of the control group, while the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) were lower than those of the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Symptom disappearance time, consciousness recovery time and hospital stay time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score and the total effective rate were higher than those in the control group, acute physiology and chronic health status Ⅱ (Apache-ⅱ) score was lower than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of naloxone injection in the treatment of acute alcoholism can improve the blood gas analysis index, reduce the stress response, the efficacy is significant and safe, and can shorten the recovery time of consciousness.