〔Abstract〕 Objective To correct the understanding deviation of syndrome differentiation and treatment, and comprehensively and accurately apply this system to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment practice. Methods By reviewing the historical context of the formation and development of syndrome differentiation and treatment, the reasons for people's limited understanding of the syndrome differentiation and treatment system were analyzed, and the correct application pathway was found. Results From ancient times to present, syndrome differentiation and treatment has included both holistic and individual aspects. However, now everyone only emphasizes the individual aspect of syndrome differentiation and treatment, neglecting the clinical application of group syndrome differentiation and treatment. Conclusion A complete system of syndrome differentiation and treatment includes two aspects: individual syndrome differentiation and group syndrome differentiation, both of which are equally important and cannot be ignored. With the advancement of big data era and evidence-based medicine, the theory of traditional Chinese medicine group syndrome differentiation and treatment has more prominent clinical practical guidance significance.