〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the effect of calcium gluconate combined with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in the treatment of children with idiopathic short stature. Methods A total of 80 children with idiopathic short stature diagnosed and treated in Shangqiu Third People's Hospital from March 2020 to September 2021 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group with 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated with rhGH, and the observation group was treated with calcium gluconate combined with rhGH. The growth indexes and bone metabolism indexes before and after treatment and the occurrence of adverse reactions during treatment were compared between the two groups. Results After 12 months of treatment, the height of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, the growth rate was faster than that of the control group, and the bone age was higher than that of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After 12 months of treatment, the serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatases (BAP), osteocalcin (OC), type I collagen carboxy-terminal cross-linked peptide (ICTP) and N-terminal propeptide of typeⅠprocollagen (PINP) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). No serious adverse reactions occurred in the two groups during 12 months of treatment. Conclusion Children with idiopathic short stature, calcium gluconate combined with rhGH treatment can promote the growth of the children, effectively improve the bone age, and improve the level of bone metabolism.