〔Abstract〕 Objective To study the clinical effect of atomization inhalation interferon α-1b in the treatment of children with asthmatic bronchopneumonia. Methods A total of 140 children with asthmatic bronchopneumonia admitted to Xinxiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2020 to December 2021 were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 70 cases in each group. The control group was treated with budesonide and terbutaline atomization inhalation, and the observation group was treated with interferon α-1b atomization inhalation on the basis of the control group. The two groups were compared in terms of the duration of clinical symptoms and length of hospitalization time. After 7 days of treatment, the total efficacy of the two groups, the efficacy of treatment in the early and late stages of the disease, the efficacy of children with positive and negative respiratory virus test in the two groups, and the adverse events during the treatment were observed and compared. Results The fever, cough, wheezing, pulmonary rales and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of interferon α-1b in the observation group was higher than that in the control group within 72 hours of onset, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of virus positive children in the observation group was higher than that in the virus positive control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Early use of atomization inhalation interferon α-1b can reduce the clinical symptoms of children with asthmatic bronchopneumonia, improve the clinical efficacy, shorten the length of hospitalization time, and has good safety.