〔Abstract〕 For thousands of years, Chinese medicine has summarized the thought of "Heart mind" from the clinical practice of preventing and treating insomnia, and has continued to deepen and enrich its connotation, and developed its unique theory, method and medicine. As modern medical research on insomnia continues to deepen, traditional Chinese medicine understanding of "Heart mind" has become more refined. Nelumbinis Plumula is a traditional Chinese medicine to calm the mind. It has been used by doctors in the past dynasties. This study discusses the theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment of insomnia with lotus seed heart from "Heart mind", and summarizes the law of adaptation to the disease in combination with the study of clinical medication of traditional Chinese medicine. The pharmacological mechanism of the clearing the heart and calming the mind effects of Nelumbinis Plumula is reviewed from the unique perspectives of "poisonous evil disturbs the heart" and "mind is the master of sleep" based on the theory of "Heart mind" in Chinese medicine. The aim is to explore the modern scientific connotation of Nelumbinis Plumula in the treatment of insomnia and to futher provide a useful insight for the development of new drugs for insomnia.