〔Abstract〕 Objective To compare the effect of traditional and improved Methods of needle withdrawal methods on the retention time and related complications of peripheral venous indwelling needles, and to explore the best maintenance method of peripheral venous indwelling needles. Methods A total of 195 patients who received intravenous infusion via peripheral venous indent needle from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from January to December 2019 were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the length of stay. In the control group, 103 cases were treated with traditional needle withdrawal while flushing, while in the observation group, 92 cases were treated with 3/4 scalp needle withdrawal before flushing and sealing. The indwelling time of peripheral venous indwelling needles, the reason of needle removal and the way of needle injury were compared between the two groups. Results The duration of indwelling needle in the observation group was longer than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the observation group, the occurrence of drug exudation was lower than that in the control group, and the occurrence of phlebitis was higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in tube blockage and local infection at puncture site (P > 0.05). No needle injury occurred in the two groups, but there were 11 cases of accidental needle tip drawing in the control group and two cases in the observation group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The improved needle withdrawal method can prolong the indwelling time of the indwelling needle and reduce drug exudation, but cannot reduce the incidence of tube blockage and phlebitis.