〔Abstract〕Objective Through screening chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for residents in Dapeng New Area of Shenzhen city, the rate of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of COPD, bronchial asthma and other common chronic airway diseases in basic hospitals is reduced, the development of chronic airway diseases is delayed, and the health level of residents in Dapeng New Area is improved. Methods All patients who visited 7 social health centers in Dapeng New District of Shenzhen from January 2019 to June 2021 were screened by questionnaire for COPD, and relevant information was collected, height and body mass, smoking status, concomitant diseases, and concomitant symptoms were measured. Lung function examination was performed to determine forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity ratio (FVC) and FEV1% predicted value of some people. The diagnosis was made according to the 2019 COPD Global Initiative (GOLD) standard and all indicators were compared and analyzed. Results A total of 4640 questionnaires were collected in this study, including 2915 patients [2058 males (40.1%) and 2582 females (59.9%)], and 62 patients had FEV1/FVC < 70%. There was a positive correlation between respiratory system score and age (r = 0.831, P = 0.000), the detection rate of COPD in the smoking group was higher than that in the non-smoking group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Lung function examination in the basal shekang center can improve the detection rate of COPD, improve the community residents' attention to chronic disease management, and help shekang doctors to intervene and control the high-risk population as early as possible for controllable factors, which is of great significance to further explore early intervention measures.