〔Abstract〕Objective To analyze the postoperative nosocomial infection in children with congenital esophageal atresia (CEA) in the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University. Methods A total of 38 children with CEA admitted to the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from July 2015 to July 2021 were selected as the research subjects. All the children had received surgical treatment, and the incidence of nosocomial infection, pathogen examination and drug sensitivity test results were analyzed. Results Nosocomial infection occurred in 25 of the 38 CEA patients, with an incidence of 65.79% (25/38). The top 3 infection sites were respiratory tract, urinary tract and blood system. A total of 37 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 38 children with CEA. The bacteria mainly infected in postoperative nosocomial were gram-positive cocci, including staphylococcus epidermosis, staphylococcus haemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus capitalis and staphylococcus hominis, and there was drug resistance. The results of drug sensitivity test showed that staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus haemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus cephalus and staphylococcus hominis were resistant to benzoxacillin and penicillin, but sensitive to tigecycline, vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion The Children's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University patients with CEA postoperative nosocomial infection risk is higher, the main parts of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, blood system, the main pathogenic bacteria for gram positive coccus, and the drug resistance of bacteria has certain clinical value, this should be in the treatment of active drug sensitive test, in order to improve the clinical curative effect.