〔Abstract〕 Non-enzymatic glycation of proteins is closely associated with human aging and chronic diseases. Non-enzymatic glycation of proteins can occur anytime and anywhere within the human body. The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that are irreversibly formed by glycation can accumulate in tissues and blood to interact with their receptors, leading to tissue damage. The accumulation of AGEs contributes to many diseases such as diabetes mellitus, alzheimer's disease (AD), and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and its products and their role in the occurrence and progression of diseased conditions. In this review, we summarized the principle of Non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, the analytical methods of glycation protein, and the relationship between Non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and diabetes mellitus, AD, and cardiovascular diseases.