〔Abstract〕 Objective To carry out active screening of multidrug-resistant bacteria in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and analyze their colonization and infection status. Methods A total of 100 patients admitted to ICU of Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects . The patients were actively screened for multidrug-resistant bacteria, and the distribution of different types of multidrug-resistant bacteria, colonization and infection status at different time points in ICU were analyzed. Results The infection and colonization of multidrug-resistant bacteria were found within 48 h and 48 h after admission to ICU. The colonization and infection of multidrug-resistant bacteria mainly occurred within 48 h after admission to ICU, and most of them were extended-spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBLs) escherichia coli. Colonization rate and infection rate of ESBLs escherichia coli were higher than those of other strains, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion ESBLs escherichia coli is the main multi-drug resistant bacteria in ICU patients in our hospital. Timely active screening of multi-drug resistant bacteria in ICU patients and effective disinfection and isolation treatment according to the actual situation, and can help avoid large-scale spread and infection of bacteria.