〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the impact of rapid rehabilitation on patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Methods 33 patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent total knee arthroplasty in Changsha Fourth Hospital from July 2018 to September 2020 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group using the two-color ball method.16 patients in the control group received traditional rehabilitation treatment; 17 patients in the observation group received rapid rehabilitation treatment. The complication data, pain sensation and joint function status of the two groups of total knee arthroplasty patients were compared. Results Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the VAS and Lysholm scores between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). After treatment, the VAS and Lysholm scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); the complication rate of the observation group was 5.88%, which was lower than 37.50% of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The implementation of rapid rehabilitation therapy can help relieve pain in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, and at the same time can significantly improve the knee joint function of patients and significantly reduce the incidence of patient-related complications.