〔Abstract〕 Objective To study and compare the clinical effect of transforaminal endoscopic spinal system (TESSYS) technique and small incision pulinucleation in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods 60 patients of lumbar disc herniation admitted to Dongguan 8th People's Hospital (Dongguan Children's Hospital) from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected, and random digital table was used as the control group and observation group, 30 cases each.The control group was treated with small incision pulinucleation and the observation group with TESSYS. The clinical effects of the two groups were compared. Results The excellent rate of patients in the observation group was 93.33%, higher than 73.33% in the comtrol group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), the operation time, the incision length in the observation group were less than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index questionnaire (ODI) in the two groups were no statistical significant differences (P > 0.05). After treatment, the VAS and ODI scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with small incision pulpullectomy, the advantage of using TESSYS technology for lumbar disc herniation is more prominent, which can optimize the surgical index, reduce the pain degree and improve the lumbar function.