〔Abstract〕 Objective To analyze the clinical effect of modified Xiaochaihu Decoction on cough variant asthma. Methods 60 patients with cough variant asthma treated in Jiamusi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2019 to December 2020 were divided into different groups according to different treatment methods. 30 cases in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine and 30 cases in the observation group were treated with modified Xiaochaihu Decoction. The treatment effects, symptom scores and serum inflammatory factor indexes of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.33 %, higher than 63.33% of the control group (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in symptom score between the two groups (P > 0.05); after treatment, the symptom score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in serum inflammatory factors between the two groups (P > 0.05); after treatment, interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Cough variant asthma can be treated with modified Xiaochaihu Decoction. The improvement effect of symptoms and serum inflammatory factors is more obvious.