〔Abstract〕Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of internal fixation combined with cone plasty and simple internal fixation for spinal fractures. Methods A total of 60 patients with spinal fractures who were admitted to Xiangtan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2018 to January 2020 were included in the study and divided into a control group and an observation group with an even-odd grouping method, with 30 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with simple internal fixation, while those in the observation group were treated with internal fixation combined with cone plasty. The spinal function scores, high compression ratio before injury and the incidence of complications in the two groups were compared. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in spine function score and high compression ratio before injury between the two groups (P > 0.05); After treatment, the observation group's spine function score and high compression ratio before injury were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 10.00%, which was lower than 33.33% in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combined use of internal fixation and cone plasty in the treatment of spinal fractures in patients can improve their spinal function and vertebral injury, and help to reduce the incidence of complications in patients.