〔Abstract〕Objective To study the comparison of the tooth loss rate between polymer resin material and glass ion sealant in pit and fissure sealing for the first permanent molar. Methods The subjects of this study were 64 students (193 first permanent molars meeting the requirements) who underwent pit and fissure closure at Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital from May 2018 to May 2020. They were randomly divided into an observation group (32 cases) 96 teeth) and the control group (32 cases with 97 teeth). The observation group used polymer resin type pit and fissure sealant to treat the teeth, and the control group used glass ionomer sealant to treat the teeth. After 6 months, the tooth loss rate, family satisfaction, dental caries rate, the time required of two groups were observed. Results Compared with the control group, the time required to close the pits and fissures and the caries rate of the students in the observation group were not statistically different (P > 0.05); The tooth loss rate of the students in the observation group was lower than that of the control group, the family satisfaction of the obervation group was higher than that of the contral group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The use of polymer resin materials to seal the pits and fissures has a lower tooth loss rate and a better effect in preventing the first permanent molars from caries.