〔Abstract〕 Objective To observe the application effect of thyroid ultrasonography in adult physical examination. Methods 354 adults with suspected thyroid diseases who underwent physical examination in Qingxin District People's Hospital of Qingyuan City from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. All the research objects were given ultrasound examination, and the results of ultrasonic exploration and abnormal thyroid ultrasound diagnosis were observed. Results Among 354 patients with suspected thyroid diseases, 186 were negative (52.54%), 168 were positive (47.46%), 35 were diffuse lesions (20.83%), 133 were cystic + solid space occupying lesions (79.17%), and the rate of space occupying lesions was significantly higher than that of diffuse lesions (P < 0.05). Among the space occupying lesions, nodular goiter accounted for the highest proportion. Conclusion Adding thyroid ultrasound examination to physical examination is conducive to the early clinical detection and diagnosis of thyroid diseases, and provides a reliable basis for clinical treatment.