〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the diagnostic effect and accuracy of emergency abdominal computed tomography (CT) in patients with acute mesenteric vascular embolism (AMVO). Methods 56 patients with AMVO treated in Changsha Taihe Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were divided into control group (n = 28) and observation group (n = 28) according to different diagnostic schemes. Abdominal CT diagnosis was performed in the observation group and exploratory laparotomy was performed in the control group. The diagnostic effects of the two groups were compared. Results The examination time of patients in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the amount of blood loss and the cost of diagnosis and treatment in the observation group were less than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The accuracy of diagnosis in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion the comprehensive titer of emergency abdominal CT in clinical diagnosis of AMVO patients is higher, and the incidence of adverse reactions can be reduced.