〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the clinical effects of internal fixation systems in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods A total of 76 patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery at Changsha Stomatological Hospital from August 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 38 cases in each group. The observation group used absorbable internal fixation system, and the control group used strong internal fixation system. The treatment effect, incidence of adverse reactions, and clinical indicators were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The improvement of clinical symptoms, quality of life score and satisfaction of the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of absorbable internal fixation system in oral and maxillofacial surgery is more effective, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and improve the quality of life of patients.