〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of assessment and adjustment method in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods The 70 patients with AIS collected from the outpatient and ward of Orthopedics Hospital, Liwan District, Guangzhou City from February 2019 to May 2020 were randomly divided into two groups, 35 cases in each group. The control group was treated with lateral pull + traction. The observation group adopted assessment and adjustment method for treatment. Observe the Cobb and trunk rotation angle (ATR) angle changes of the two groups of patients before and after treatment. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 94.29%, which was significantly higher than 71.43% in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, the Cobb angle and ATR of the two groups were compared, and there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05); after 6 months of treatment, the Cobb angle and ATR of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The assessment and adjustment method has a definite clinical effect in the treatment of AIS, and it has a significant effect in improving the angle and function of scoliosis.