〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the infection and distribution characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Longhua district of Shenzhen from hospital opportunistic screening, to obtain the persistent and clearance infection of HPV, thus to provide scientific reference basis for the interpretation and treatment of human papillomavirus Results in clinical cervical cancer screening. Methods Female patients received more than 2 times of cervical HPV tests in People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen from August 2018 to August 2020 were followed up for 4–24 months. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to estimate the time of HPV clearance. Results The HPV infections rate was 17.41 %. The HPV infection rate of high-risk types was 15.39 % which was significantly higher than that of suspected high risk types 1.94 % and low–risk types 6.53 %. The overall persistent infection rate of HPV in infected population was 27 %, and the rate of low–risk, suspected high–risk types and high–risk types persistentinfection was 26.2 %, 19.0 % and 28.4 %, respectively. HPV52(4.16 %), HPV16(2.35 %), HPV58(2.19 %), HPV51(1.36 %), HPV53 (0.97 %) were top five genotypes among the high risk types,and HPV42(45.1 %), HPV44(34.8 %), HPV40(30.3 %), HPV11(28.6 %) and HPV6(17.8 %)were top five genotypes among the low–risk types. Conclusion There were difference between infection rates and persistent infection rates in populations from hospital opportunistic screening. The most common type of HPV persistent infection is HPV59/56/16/58/33. The type of HPV persistent infection in the low–risk group is HPV42/44/40/11/6.