〔Abstract〕 Objective To study the methods and clinical effects of minimally invasive surgery for spinal trauma. Methods A total of 82 patients with spinal trauma admitted to Shimen County People's Hospital from March 2019 to March 2020 were randomly divided into two groups. Spinal trauma patients with traditional open surgery were selected as the control group, and spinal trauma patients with minimally invasive surgery were selected as the control group. As the observation group, 41 cases in each group. The surgical index, recovery index, clinical efficacy and complications of the two groups of spinal trauma patients were compared. Results The postoperative blood loss of the observation group was less than that of the control group, and the operation time and hospital stay were shorter than those of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The postoperative pain and dysfunction scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the lumbar function scores were higher than those of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The complication rate of the observation group was 7.32%, which was lower than that of the control group of 36.59%. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Minimally invasive surgery is an effective treatment method for patients with spinal trauma. It has the advantages of small incision area, high clinical efficacy, and low incidence of complications.