〔Abstract〕 Objective To observe the effect of joint cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate combined with traditional Chinese medicine for knee osteoarthritis. Methods Select 70 patients with knee osteoarthritis admitted to Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to January 2020. According to the order of admission, they were divided into control group (n = 35) and observation group (n = 35). Patients in the control group were treated with sodium hyaluronate injection into the knee joint cavity, and patients in the observation group were treated with sodium hyaluronate injection into the knee joint cavity combined with traditional Chinese medicine. The knee function scores, related index levels, clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were compared. Results There was no statistically significant difference in knee function scores and related index levels between the two groups of patients before treatment (P > 0.05). The knee function scores and related indexes of the observation group after treatment were better than those of the control group, and the differences were both It is statistically significant (P < 0.05); the clinical efficacy of patients in the observation group is 91.43%, which is significantly higher than 68.57% in the control group, and the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05); the adverse reaction rate of patients in the observation group is 5.71%, which is obvious less than 25.71% of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis, the use of knee joint cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate combined with traditional Chinese medicine treatment can improve the knee joint function of patients, optimize related indicators, improve clinical efficacy, and reduce adverse drug reactions.