〔Abstract〕 ObjectiveTo understand the current situation of poor eyesight of primary and middle school students in Dapeng New District, Shenzhen, identify key prevention and control groups, explore the main infl uencing factors, and provide scientifi c basis for the prevention and control of myopia. Methods According to the requirements of the Detailed Rules for the Investigation of The National Students' Physical health, the vision examination and statistical analysis were carried out for the students in the ordinary primary and secondary schools in Dapeng New Area from October to December 2019. Results In 2019, the detection rate of poor vision among primary and middle school students in Dapeng New Area was 66.43 %, with female students (70.24 %) higher than male students (63.22 %). The detection rate of poor vision: primary school 50.01 %, middle school 85.64 %, high school 94.47 %. The detection rate of mild, moderate and severe myopia was 48.4 %, 16.70 % and 3.50 %, respectively. The detection rates of mild, moderate and severe hyperopia were 21.20 %, 0.40 % and 0.30 %, respectively. Conclusion The rate of impaired vision among primary and middle school students in Dapeng New District of Shenzhen is higher than the national average. The third and fi rst grades of primary schools are critical stages in poor vision progression. Poor visual acuity of primary and middle school students is related to the comprehensive effect of multiple factors, which requires targeted intervention. Preschool stage should be included in the scope of vision screening.